๋ณธ๋ฌธ ๋ฐ”๋กœ๊ฐ€๊ธฐ

๐“ก๐“ธ๐“ธ๐“ถ5: ๐’ฆ๐‘œ๐“‡๐‘’๐’ถ ๐’ฐ๐“ƒ๐’พ๐“‹/๊ฒฝ์˜์ •๋ณด์‹œ์Šคํ…œ(BUSS215)

[๊ฒฝ์˜์ •๋ณด์‹œ์Šคํ…œ] 3. Marketing Research

Marketing Research

Formal Communication link with the environment for providing accurate and useful information for planning, problem solving, and control which leads to better decision making.

specifying, collecting, analyzing, interpreting information์„ ์ˆ˜๋ฐ˜ํ•จ!

  • Primary Data : Expensive
  • Secondary Data : not always suitable

research process

  1. ๋ฌธ์ œ์ธ์‹์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค
  2. ์ด์ „์— ์ฐพ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•œ๋‹ค
  3. solution์„ ์„ค๊ณ„ํ•˜๊ณ  variables๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•œ๋‹ค
  4. ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋ชจ์€๋‹ค
  5. ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹คํ–‰ํ•œ๋‹ค

1. Problem definition

  • Decision problem : quantity, price ๋“ฑ
  • Research problem
    • ์˜์‚ฌ๊ฒฐ์ •์— ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š” ์ •๋ณด ์ฐพ๊ธฐ
      • ์‹ ์ œํ’ˆ์˜ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ ์ „๋žต ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ• ๊นŒ
        • ์ธ์‡„ ๊ด‘๊ณ ์˜ ๊ด‘๊ณ  ์˜ˆ์‚ฐ์„ ๋Š˜๋ฆด๊นŒ ๋ง๊นŒ

2. Research design

1. Exploratory research (์‚ฌ๋ก€์—ฐ๊ตฌ)
  • ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ (Not clearly defined)
  • ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ถ„์•ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์ง€์‹์ด ๋ถ€์กฑํ•  ๋•Œ
  • Case study

Experience survey : ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ํ•˜๊ธฐ!
Focus Groups : 8~10๋ช… ์ •๋„์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณด๊ธฐ

  • Know Before : ๋ญ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณผ์ง€ ๋ฏธ๋ฆฌ ์ƒ๊ฐ
  • Homogeneous groups (๊ฐ™์€ ๋‚˜์ด, ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ต์œก์ˆ˜์ค€ ๋“ฑ์˜ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ์ง‘๋‹จ)์—๊ฒŒ : ์ „์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋Š”๊ฒŒ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹˜
  • Comfortable setting : ๋น„์–ธ์–ด์  ํ‘œํ˜„์€ ๋ง ์ด์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•จ
  • Videotape
  • Moderator(์‚ฌํšŒ์ž) : ์ข‹์€, ํŽธํ–ฅ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์–ป์–ด์•ผ ํ•จ. ๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ฃผ์ง€ ๋ง๊ณ , ํŽธ๊ฒฌ์„ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ”ผํ•ด์•ผ ํ•จ

์žฅ์ 

  • ๋น ๋ฅด๊ณ  ์‹ธ๊ณ  ์œ ๋™์ ์ž„
  • ๋ณด๋‹ค ์‹ฌ์ธต์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณด๊ณ , ๋น„์–ธ์–ด์  ํ‘œํ˜„๋“ค์„ ์บ์น˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ
  • ์ƒํ˜ธ๊ฐ„์˜ Interaction์€ 'synergy, snowball, security' ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‚˜์€ ์‘๋‹ต์„ ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋œ๋‹ค
  • ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‰ฝ๋‹ค

๋‹จ์ 

  • ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์ ์–ด์„œ Bias: Overweighted ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค
  • Dominant member
  • ์‚ฌํšŒ์ž์˜ ํŽธํ–ฅ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค
  • ์ƒํ˜ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค

์–ธ์ œ ์“ธ๊นŒ

  • issue์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ž˜ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•  ๋•Œ
  • Brand positioning
  • ๊ด‘๊ณ  ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€๋ฅผ developํ•  ๋•Œ
  • ๊ฐ€์„ค์„ developํ•  ๋•Œ

์ด ๋• ์“ฐ์ง€ ๋งˆ๋ผ

  • Sales Forecasts : ๋งค์ถœ ์˜ˆ์ธก
  • New product testing : ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ ์ œํ’ˆ์ด ์–ด๋–ค์ง€ ์ž˜ ๋ชจ๋ฆ„
2. Descriptive research (๊ธฐ์ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ)
  • ์ธ๊ตฌ ์กฐ์‚ฌ์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ข€ ๋” ์ƒ์„ธํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ..??
  • Cross-sectional (Picture)
    • ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ๋งŒ ์‹คํ–‰. ๋” ์‹ธ๊ณ  ๋น ๋ฆ„
    • Surveys or observation
  • Longitudinal (Video)
    • Over time : ๋”์šฑ ์ •ํ™•ํ•จ
    • Behavior๊ฐ€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ํ๋ฆ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ณ€ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ
3. Casual research (์ธ๊ณผ๊ด€๊ณ„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ)
  • ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋‹ต๋ณ€์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•œ๋‹ค (Explain & Predict)

Casual inference๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์กฐ๊ฑด

  • events์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ˆœ์„œ๊ฐ€ A๊ฐ€ B๋ณด๋‹ค ๋จผ์ € ์™€์•ผ ํ•จ
  • Correlation์ด ์กด์žฌํ•จ
  • ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์„ค๋ช…์„ ๋ฐฐ์ œํ•ด๋ผ (?)

Where?

  • Laboratory Experiment : ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ์ปจํŠธ๋กค ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ
    • ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋น ๋ฅด๊ณ  ์ €๋ ดํ•˜๋‹ค
  • Field Experiment : Product on the shell
    • ๋” ๋ฏฟ์„๋งŒํ•˜๊ณ , ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ ์ž„

3. Data collection

**method

  • mail : ๋Š๋ฆผ
  • Telephone : ๋น ๋ฆ„
  • Personal interviews : ๋Š๋ฆผ, ๋†’์€ ์‘๋‹ต๋ฅ 
  • E mail : ์ €๋ ดํ•จ, ๋‚ฎ์€ ์‘๋‹ต๋ฅ 
  • Internet : ์ €๋ ดํ•จ

4. Analysis

  1. Summarizing data : ํ‰๊ท , ์ค‘๊ฐ„๊ฐ’, ํผ์„ผํ‹ฐ์ง€
  2. ๊ฐ€์„ค ์„ค์ •
  3. ๊ฐ€์„ค ๊ฒ€์ฆ
  4. Correlation & regression analysis ์‹คํ–‰

**Likert Scale : Attitudes

  • ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹ต์ด '๋งค์šฐ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค~๋งค์šฐ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ค'
  • *Semantic Differential Scale
  • ๋‚ดํ–ฅ์  <---> ์™ธํ–ฅ์ ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ƒ๋ฐ˜๋˜๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋… ์ค‘ ์–ด๋Š ์ชฝ์— ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด์ง€ ๋‹ต๋ณ€

**Tools

  • ๊ตฌ๊ธ€ ํผ : ๊ณต์งœ์ž„
  • Typeform : freemium